African Literature Is It Truly Authentic - 1214 Words

African Literature: Is it Truly Authentic? Now lets just say an Anthropologist went on to study an African cultural group in Nigeria. Now let s consider that Anthropologist went on to live exactly like that African group, and the Anthropologist decided to report his findings as if an individual from that cultural group was writing about the experience. Now think about the controversy that will be caused, and the debate regarding if this is truly African experience. Ever since the mid 1700’s to 1800’s, European countries were taking interest in colonizing African countries. Since then there has been many works of literature that came from Africa from people who have European ancestry in them. On one side, people would argue that these writers are authentic African writers. On the other hand, some would disagree that these writers are authentic African writers because of the European influence within the writing. One African writer in particular Ngugi, believes that to be truly authentic, African literature must be written in an African language;however, another African writer Chinua Achebe thinks the opposite of Ngugi. In Achebe’s novel, â€Å"Things Fall Apart† the novel takes place in postcolonial Africa viewed in the eyes of an African instead of the European. Many people have debated whether if these writers are to be considered authentic African writers. To start off, Ngugi’s views on authentic African writers discriminates against other African literature. To be moreShow MoreRelatedThe Innate Genius Behind By Langston Hughes944 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes was a pioneer of African-American literature and while he wrote an abundance of short stories, essays and plays, he is most well-known for his poetry. 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Despite his own battle with unhappiness and inequality (Royster, 344), Hughes was able to capture and express the truth of the life of African Americans in his emotionallyRead MoreTheir Eyes Were Watching God By Nora Zeale Hurston1118 Words   |  5 Pagesexcellent feminist novel and an even better speakerly text. Speakerly texts speak to the readers with an authentic black voice. This authentic black voice can only come from an African-American himself or herself, whi ch in this case, is Hurston. Speakerly text is defined as â€Å"a text whose rhetorical strategy is designed to represent an oral tradition† (Harriss). Throughout Hurston’s novel, Janie, an African-American woman, is narrating her past experiences to her good friend, Pheoby. Through her life journeyRead MoreEveryday Use Analysis Essay1708 Words   |  7 Pages[a]ssured by the makers of American fashion that black is currently beautiful, she has conformed her own style to that notion. So when she goes to visit her mother, the first thing Mama notices about Dees appearance is her newly adopted African style: A dress to the ground in this hot weather. A dress so loud it hurts my eyes. There are yellows and oranges enough to throw back the light of the sun. I feel my whole face warming from the heat waves it throws out. Earrings gold, too, andRead MoreThe For The Widow By Paule Marshall, Krik ! By Edwidge Danticat And Masters Of The Dew1671 Words   |  7 Pagesby being bathed and oiled by Rosalie until she feels â€Å"this warmth and the faint stinging† that represents the awakening of her authentic self (223 Marshall). Because of the waters cleansing she is able to now pass on her story and live life as her natural and authentic self without the weight of oppression that held her down for so many years. She finalizes this authentic self by going to the gathering with Lebert Joseph and becoming Avatara Johnson. Becoming Avatara would have been impossible withoutRead MoreThe Meaning Of Slave Religion Summary1437 Words   |  6 PagesThe author, Curtis J. Evans, argues that African Americans and images of black religion in American culture have been key to the development of American ideals and culture, as well as a reflection of the nation’s failures as a country. Throughout the text, Evans never truly offers any added narrative to the events in history he speaks on, but simply historicizes the burden that has been placed on black religion, and by natural extension, black people. He documents the changes in how black religionRead MoreHow The Harlem Renaissance Shaped Literature1596 Words   |  7 Pages320 Hoeppner How the Harlem Renaissance Shaped Literature The Harlem Renaissance was a revolutionary time for African Americans in the Twentieth Century. It lasted from around 1918 until 1937 and is described as â€Å"the nation’s first self-conscious black literary and artistic movement† (Tindall 804), but the ideas cultivated within those years are still relevant in today’s society. In New York the city of Harlem had a rapidly growing population of African Americans due to the Great Migration and it wasRead MoreFrom Valiancy to Vengeance in Shakespeare ´s Othello794 Words   |  4 Pagesdemise of many innocent people. Moral lesson: Jealousy and hatred are evil and sinister, which can create a high level of destruction. It would be wise not to only believe in what one may hear, but also what you see for yourself. If a man or woman truly loves another, they will give their significant other the benefit of the doubt, instead of failing their love the second it is put to the test. Works Cited Bloom, Harold. Shakespeares Tragedies. Chelsea House Publishers, 2000. Broomall, PA. PpRead More Children’s Literature through an Americanized Scope1232 Words   |  5 Pagesin Gloria Whelan’s Homeless Bird and Deborah Ellis’s Parvana’s Journey in her article â€Å"Beyond Borders: Reading ‘Other’ Places in Children’s Literature.† Stewart claims that multicultural texts are significant, and that diverse perspectives in conjunction with western existence and beliefs are poignant to a young student’s education. But multicultural literature is dismal, in regards to works about other places and experiences by non-westerners with a lack of the â€Å"other† and its representations in theRead MoreAn Analysis Of George Gershwin s An American Folk Opera 1641 Words   |  7 Pagesmusical drama before the 1935 premiere of Porgy and Bess. Much has been written about the work’s subtitle; its literal meaning, its evoluti on, and its implications for a changing cultural landscape. Porgy and Bess was the last in a triptych of literature and theater surrounding the character of Porgy, a crippled beggar living in Charleston’s semi-fictitious Catfish Row. Porgy, the 1925 novel written by white author DuBose Heyward, was â€Å"the original.† The novel received mixed reviews; white critics

Adolescents and Counseling - 2202 Words

Adolescents in Group Counseling Many children and adolescents face developmental or situational difficulties in areas where they live most of their meaningful experiences—at home, at school, and in the community. While adults who struggle with life events and stressors may look to professional help, young individuals are quite alone in coping with these situations. Perhaps unsurprisingly, most children and adolescents typically do not seek such help, and often resist it when offered. (Shectman, 2006). Adolescents who have a difficult time managing their emotions, such as anger, are often put together in a group setting to help change this behavior. A few of themes for group counseling may include, but not limited to: coping with death or†¦show more content†¦It involves using a wide variety of art materials, for example paints, clay and batik, to create a visual representation of thought and feelings. Art Therapy can be an individual activity but is often used very successfully in group situations with young children who struggle to articulate their issues. The purpose of art therapy is much the same as in any other psychotherapeutic modality: to improve or maintain mental health and emotional well-being. But whereas some of the other expressive therapies utilize the performing arts for expressive purposes, art therapy generally utilizes drawing, painting, sculpture, photography, and other forms of visual art expression. For that reason art therapists are trained to recognize the nonverbal symbols and metaphors that are communicated within the creative process, symbols and metaphors which might be difficult to express in words or in other modalities. (Pratt, 2004). By helping their clients to discover what underlying thoughts and feelings are being communicated in the artwork and what it means to them, it is hoped that clients will not only gain insight and judgment, but perhaps develop a better understanding of themselves and the way they relate to the people around them. Play Therapy Play therapy is a technique whereby the childs natural means of expression, namely play, is used as a therapeutic method to assist him/her in coping with emotional stress or trauma. ItShow MoreRelatedGroup Counseling For Children And Adolescents1630 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Group Counseling Individuals with learning disabilities have a particularly high incidence of mental health problems and are often assigned what is known as dual diagnosis. 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These diversion programs use group counseling as a mandatory component of sentencing demonstrate initial success in reducing recidivism rates in national outcome studies. The goal of these diversion programs are to keep adolescents out of the juvenile justice system whenever possible (Lipsey, Howell, Kelly, Chapman, Carver, 2010). These diversion programs divert adolescents from entering the juvenile justiceRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System795 Words   |  4 Pagesdiversion programs, which helps adolescents who have been arrested for first-time misdemeanors. These diversion programs use group counseling as a mandatory component of sentencing demonstrates initial success in reducing recidivism rates in national outcome studies. The goal of these diversion pro grams is to keep adolescents out of the juvenile justice system whenever possible (Lipsey, Howell, Kelly, Chapman, Carver, 2010). 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Case Study Neglect Free Essays

This case involves a 16 year old male and subsequently four of his younger siblings. In elementary school, the client earned â€Å"A† and â€Å"B† grades. However, this did not continue in high school. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study: Neglect or any similar topic only for you Order Now Additionally, the once active boy began to isolate. He stopped playing basketball and spent more time in the counselor’s office just to avoid the other children as they often made fun of him. The client began seeing the school counselor when he was ten years old. His parents were both alcoholics and were involved in using and selling illegal substances. The living conditions at home were unbearable. There was often no food, electricity, or water in the home. The client reported that the windows were only screen, leaving the home freezing. The client also reported that his parents would lock him and his siblings in their room to ensure they did not tell authorities the truth about what was going on in the house. This typically occurred when the parents got word that the police or the Department of Family Services was on their way over. There was five children in this family, the client was the oldest, four child were currently still in the home. In addition to the neglect the client experienced, he also experienced abuse. This case study mentioned one obvious incident. When the client returned to his parent’s home after staying with his aunt’s because of neglect charge, he came back to school with a broken arm. This was the only indication of physical abuse during this case study, however the client did not discuss what happened. Additional physical abuse or any other type of abuse is unknown. This client was also responsible for his siblings. He made sure they were dressed and feed for school. He also assisted his siblings with their homework. This responsibility left no time for him resulting in poor grades and his social life decreased. The client also displayed symptoms of hopelessness, suggesting depression. The school counselor made note of possible diagnoses, however, it does not appear that the counselor ever made an official diagnosis. The counselor did mention Depression as a primary diagnosis due to the client’s negative doom related vocabulary. Treating this client for depression may be helpful. To meet a diagnosis of Depression the individual must experience at least five of the following symptoms in the same two weeks: depressed mood, weight loss or gain, too much or too little sleep, increased or decreased psychomotor activity, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, poor concentration, or suicidal ideation. These symptoms must be significant enough to cause marked impairment in work or school. This client did display many of these symptoms. For example, the therapist stated that the client said the word â€Å"hopeless† often. The client also looked underweight, had difficulty in school both academically and socially, and did not receive the proper amount of sleep (DSM-IV-TR). Finally, these symptoms must be more severe than the common blues everyone experiences from time to time. While this client was probably suffering with some degree of depression, there were other factors which better explain these symptoms. This client was the victim of child neglect and abuse. As noted above the children in this family often went without their basic needs. This is a better explanation for the client’s symptoms than depression because when placed in a more nurturing environment, the client’s symptoms dissipated. The client displayed this change in behavior when the courts sent the children to the aunt’s home after the client called the Department of Family Services to file the neglect report. During this time, all the children were going to school clean and feed. The children’s homework, including the client’s was completed. This dissipation of symptoms was seen a second time when the client was placed in foster care. Again, he was going to school clean and feed and with homework completed. Once at his foster parent’s home, the client was also able to go back to playing basketball again. During the course of the client and school counselor relationship, the client saw the counselor on a weekly basis. The school counselor designed these meetings to assist the client in problem solving with regard to caring for his younger siblings. The counselor’s recognition of the client’s needs in this regard was definitely a factor in the client’s ability to make it through this difficult time. This is not always the case in turn causing the client to feel that therapy does not work. Additionally, the counselor did not push the client for information or action so a healthy relationship was able to develop. The counselor was able to slowly earn the client’s trust by showing him she was there for him. This benefited the client in a number of ways. He was able to develop a positive supportive relationship with an adult role model and he was able to gain the courage and strength to put an end to the neglect he was experiencing. As the client progressed in his problem solving and decision making skills the therapist should modify the methods and goals of the therapy sessions. Once the client moved from his biological parents and later adopted, his roles and responsibilities changed drastically. With the new family he lived as a normal child, he was clean, well feed, and rejoined the school’s basketball team. He no longer had to care for younger children in a parenting capacity. At this point therapy should move the focus to resolving the issues of abuse and neglect so the client can come to terms with his past. The use of psychoanalytic therapy would be an appropriate therapeutic method. With this type of therapy the client is able to talk out his issues. With the help of the therapist, the client will learn how to forgive and cope with these issues. What is unfortunate in this case is the fact that the other children ended up going back to the parents. Shortly after that reunification, the old ways came back. However, since the client was not there to act as the caregiver for the other children, the oldest sister took over that role. Here the cycle continues. Although the other children were not as open with the school counselor, they need close monitoring just as their bother received in the past. This close monitoring may be able to stop further neglect and abuse from occurring. Additionally, it would be wise to continue monitoring and providing therapeutic services to this client. There may still be some deep seeded issues he will need to deal with. Finally, the client will need help adjusting to his new family and the issues they have brought him, specifically the separation of his adoptive parents. In addition to ensuring that this client is adjusted in his new life, additional support and therapy can monitor the presence of future mental health related problems. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is often seen in individuals who have experienced abuse. Because of the life situations this client had endured as a child, he is susceptible for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. If this disorder develops, the client will experience flashback type symptoms. This may hinder his ability to cope with past and future life events. Additional problems associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder include impulsive behaviors, insomnia, nightmares, avoidance issues, poor concentration, hypervigilance, and increased startle response. Because Posttraumatic Stress Disorder occurs after the individual experiences the trauma, symptoms may not appear until later in adulthood. Also common in individuals with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is alcoholism and substance abuse. Again, this client is at a higher risk for these issues because of the genetic component of both alcoholism and substance abuse. A diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence includes behaviors that include neglect of responsibilities. Individuals who abuse alcohol also will continue to use despite the fact that they know it is causing problems in their life both physically and socially. With continued therapy and support, the client will be able to work out these childhood issues and therefore decrease the probability of future problems. Continued support will also give the client the skills necessary to cope with life’s stressful events. The client will be equipped with the tools need to deal with his problems in a healthy way as opposed to turning to drugs and alcohol. Continued therapy will also allow the client to work out any feelings he may have regarding his siblings who were sent back to his parents. This aspect was not noted in the case study; however, he may harbor feelings of guilt or regret, knowing that his siblings are still in a neglectful situation. It would also be beneficial to the client to join support groups in order to increase his support system. References American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR. Washington, DC: Author.       How to cite Case Study: Neglect, Free Case study samples